All ethical guidelines for the protection of people in research have the three main principles of autonomy, beneficence and justice at their core. A number of internationally recognized codes of ethics have been developed since World War II to ensure the protection of human participants in biomedical research. They include:
The Nuremberg Code, 1947
Declaration of Helsinki, 1964 (last updated in October 2000)
The Belmont Report, 1979
The CIOMS Guidelines, 1982 (last updated in 2002)
Ethical Considerations in biomedical HIV prevention trials, (2007)